Friday, December 18, 2009
Initial public offering
The first instance of making particular shares available for sale to the public.
Thursday, December 17, 2009
Indirect channel
The selling and distribution of products to customers through intermediaries such as wholesalers, distributors, agents, dealers, or retailers.
Income statement
A financial document that shows how much money (revenue) came in and how much money (expense) was paid out.
Growth capital
Funding that allows a company to accelerate its growth. For new startup companies, growth capital is the second stage of funding after seed money
Wednesday, December 16, 2009
Invoice
a document that a supplier sends to a customer detailing the cost of products or services supplied and requesting payment.
Invisible exports
the profits, dividends, interest, and royalties received from selling a country's services abroad.
Investment
The spending money on stocks, shares, and other securities, or on assets such as plant and machinery.
Inventory
A list of assets being held for sale, The stock of finished goods, raw materials, and work in progress held by a company.
Internet
The vast collection in inter-connected networks that provide electronic mail and access to the World Wide Web.
Income statement
A financial document that shows how much money (revenue) came in and how much money (expense) was paid out.
Interest rate
the amount of interest charged for borrowing a particular sum of money over a specified period of time.
Intellectual property
The ownership of rights to ideas, designs, and inventions, including copyrights, patents, and trademarks. Intellectual property is protected by law in most countries, and the World Intellectual Property Organization is responsible for harmonizing the law across different countries and promoting protection of intellectual property rights.
Insurance
an arrangement in which individuals or companies pay another company to guarantee them compensation if they suffer loss resulting from risks such as fire, theft, or accidental damage.
Insolvency
the inability to pay debts when they become due. Insolvency will apply even if total assets exceed total liabilities, if those assets cannot be readily converted into cash to meet debts as they mature. Even then, insolvency may not necessarily mean business failure. Bankruptcy may be avoided through debt rescheduling or turnaround management.
Infomercial
A television or cinema commercial that includes helpful information about a product as well as advertising content.
Inflation
A sustained increase in a country's general level of prices that devalues its currency, often caused by excess demand in the economy.
Indirect cost
A fixed or overhead cost that cannot be attributed directly to the production of a particular item and is incurred even when there is no output.
Income statement
A financial document that shows how much money (revenue) came in and how much money (expense) was paid out.
Income tax
a tax levied directly on the income of a person or a company and paid to the local, state, or federal government.
Income statement
A financial document that shows how much money (revenue) came in and how much money (expense) was paid out.
Income redistribution
A government policy that seeks to restrain increases in wages or prices by regulating the permitted level of increase.
Import
A product or service brought into another country from its country of origin either for sale or for use in manufacturing.
IMF
International Monetary Fund, the organization that industrialized nations have established to reduce trade barriers and stabilize currencies, especially those of less industrialized nations.
Hyperinflation
Very rapid growth in the rate of inflation so that money loses value and physical goods replace currency as a medium of exchange.
Horizontal integration
The merging of functions or organizations that operate on a similar level. Horizontal integration involves the union of companies producing the same kinds of goods or operating at the same stage of the supply chain.
Home page
The "table of contents" to a Web site, detailing what pages are on a particular site. The first page one sees when accessing a Web site.
High-pressure
a selling technique in which the sales representative attempts to persuade a buyer very forcefully and persistently.
High end
relating to the most expensive, most advanced, or most powerful in a range of things, for example, computers.
Hedge fund
A mutual fund that takes considerable risks, including heavy investment in unconventional instruments, in the hope of generating great profits.
Guerilla marketing
A marketing technique, the aim of which is to damage the market share of competitors.
Guarantor
a person or organization that guarantees repayment of a loan if the borrower defaults or is unable to pay.
Growth rate
The rate of an economy's growth as measured by its technical progress, the growth of its labor, and the increase in its capital stock.
Gross profit
The difference between the selling price and the cost of an item. Gross profit is calculated by subtracting cost of goods sold from net sales.
GNP
Definition 1:
Gross National Product, GDP plus domestic resident's income from investment abroad less income earned in the domestic market accruing to noncitizens abroad
Definition 2:
A measure of a nation's aggregate economic output. Since 1991 GDP, a slightly different calculation, has replaced GNP as a measure of U.S. economic output.
Gross National Product, GDP plus domestic resident's income from investment abroad less income earned in the domestic market accruing to noncitizens abroad
Definition 2:
A measure of a nation's aggregate economic output. Since 1991 GDP, a slightly different calculation, has replaced GNP as a measure of U.S. economic output.
Globalization
The process of tailoring products or services to different local markets around the world.
GDP
Definition 1:
Gross domestic product, the total flow of services and goods produced by an economy over a quarter or a year, measured by the aggregate value of services and goods at market prices.
Definition 2:
The most comprehensive single measure of aggregate economic output represents the market value of the total output of the goods and services produced by a nation's economy.
Gross domestic product, the total flow of services and goods produced by an economy over a quarter or a year, measured by the aggregate value of services and goods at market prices.
Definition 2:
The most comprehensive single measure of aggregate economic output represents the market value of the total output of the goods and services produced by a nation's economy.
Tuesday, December 15, 2009
Franchise chain
: a number of retail outlets operating the same franchise. A franchise chain may vary in size from a few to many thousands of outlets and in coverage from a small local area to worldwide.
Monday, December 14, 2009
Floating rate
an interest rate that is not fixed and which changes according to fluctuations in the market
Gap analysis
A marketing technique used to identify gaps in market or product coverage. In gap analysis, consumer information or requirements are tabulated and matched to product categories in order to identify product or service opportunities or gaps in product planning.
Flow chart
a graphic representation of the stages in a process or system or the steps required to solve a problem.
Sunday, December 13, 2009
FIFO
FIRST IN FIRST OUT, a method of inventory control where the stock of a given product first placed in store is used before more recently produced or acquired goods or materials.
Fixed expenses
Those costs which don't vary from one period to the next. Generally, these expenses are not affected by the volume of business.
Feedback
the communication of responses and reactions to proposals and changes or to the findings of performance appraisals with the aim of enabling improvements to be made.
Finance
the money needed by an individual or company to pay for something, for example, a project or stocks.
Feasibility study
an investigation into a proposed plan or project to determine whether and how it can be successfully and profitably carried out.
